Azoospermia is a male medical condition of not having measurable level of sperm in his semen.This condition is associated with low levels of infertility.
Azoospermia is of two types, one is obstructive azoospermia and the other is non-obstructive azoospermia.
In obstructive azoospermia sperm are generated but they won’t be mixed with the remaining ejaculatory fluid due to any physical obstruction.
In non-obstructive azoospermia, there is a problem with production of sperm.
Researchers said that azoospermia is a result of androgen drugs and corticosteroids. Similar to azoospermia in men, women too get a condition called as amenorrhea. There are various factors that lead to this condition.
Causes of obstructive azoospermia:
Infections: Any disturbances in male reproductive system, such as prostate or testicles can affect your fertility.
Genetics: Some people are born with genes that affect their fertility. Sometimes these genes may affect transportation of sperm.
Trauma: Any injury or surgery to your spine, lower abdomen, sex organs, or pelvis can cause disturbances in male reproductive system. Sometimes, trauma can affect the production of sperm and obstruction in the flow or transportation of sperm.
Varicocele: In this condition, scrotum veins are enlarged and dilated thus finally affecting sperm transportation.
Causes of non-obstructive azoospermia:
Drugs: Certain drugs like antibiotics, steroids, and cancer drugs can greatly affect male infertility. Usage of alcohol, illegal drugs and smoking can cause various problems with production of sperm.
Hormones: Any problem with testicles can produce abnormal levels of hormones, which affect sperm production.
Genetics: Sometimes, genes that come with birth can affect production of sperm. Also, these genes can affect formation of reproductive tract organs.
Radiation: Radiation therapy that is used to treat testicular cancer can affect your sperm production.
Signs and symptoms of azoospermia:
- Increased body fat, breast tissue and body hair
- Inability to make your partner pregnant
- Water, clear and whitish discharge from the penis
- Emotional stress and pressure from not being able to conceive a baby
- Testicles that become small, non-palpable or soft
- Swelling of the scrotum
- Enlarged or twisted veins in the scrotum
Treatment for azoospermia mainly depends on the cause. Treatment options include:
Medicines: You are suggested to take medicines that treat the infection of your reproductive system. Hormone supplements are suggested to treat hormonal imbalance.
Sperm extraction: Sperm are collected from the testicles and then used to fertilize with your partner’s egg.
Percutaneous embolization: This is method used to treat varicocele. Blockage is made in the enlarged veins to stop the flow of blood.
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